What is the difference between a semi-trailer and a full trailer?

Semi-trailers and full-trailers are both essential vehicles for the logistics and transportation industry, but they differ significantly in terms of their design, functionality and operational requirements. The main differences between semi-trailers and full trailers are detailed below.

1) Structural differences

A semi-trailer is a trailer that is pulled by a tractor. The semi-trailer is connected to the tractor via a fifth wheel coupling, which allows the trailer to pivot and follow the movement of the tractor. This design allows the semi-trailer to distribute its weight more evenly, making it suitable for long-distance transportation.

A full trailer, on the other hand, is a stand-alone vehicle that attaches to a tractor (usually a truck) using a hook or tow bar. The full trailer carries its full deadweight and is towed by the truck, which provides the power. Full trailers are usually used for transportation over shorter distances such as factories, ports and warehouses.

2) Operational Complexity

Operating a semi-trailer usually involves less complexity because the driver only has to control the tractor. The semi-trailer follows the movement of the tractor, making it easier to maneuver. In addition, semi-trailers are designed for better weight distribution, reducing the risk of overloading and improving road safety.

In contrast, operating a full trailer requires more skill and attention from the driver. Since a full trailer is a separate vehicle, the driver must control both the truck and the trailer. This adds complexity to maneuvering, especially in tight spaces or when turning.

3) Load Capacity

Full trailers typically have a higher payload than semi-trailers in terms of load capacity. This is because full trailers are designed to carry their own weight and can therefore handle heavier loads. However, it is worth noting that the actual load capacity of both trailers may vary depending on their specific design and current regulations.